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The rust fungus Gymnosporangium in Korea including two new species, G. monticola and G. unicorne

     ¹ Systematic Mycology & Microbiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Rm. 304, B011A, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD, 20705, United States of America
² Polar BioCenter, Korea Polar Research Institute, KORDI, Incheon, Republic of Korea
³ USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, 20705, United States of America
⁴ Southern Forest Research Center Korea Forest Research Institute, Jinju, Kyungsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea
⁵ College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
⁶ Insect Resources Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 305-333, Republic of Korea

A survey was conducted of the rust fungus Gymnosporangium in Korea. The previously known species were re-collected, namely Gymnosporangium asiaticum, G. clavariiforme, G. globosum, G. japonicum, and G. yamadae. Gymnosporangium nidus-avis and G. sabinae are reported for the first time from Korea and two new species, G. monticola sp. nov. and G. unicorne sp. nov., are recognized. Previous single reports of G. miyabei and G. shiraianum could not be confirmed. The LSU rDNA was sequenced from freshly collected specimens. Phylogenetic analyses show that species of Gymnosporangium form a monophyletic group with strong bootstrap support within the rust fungi. The two new species, G. monticola and G. unicorne, are unique based on both molecular as well as morphological characteristics. Analyses of phenotypic characters mapped onto the phylogenetic tree show that teliospore length followed by telial shape and telial length are conserved morphological characters useful in differentiating species of Gymnosporangium. Each of the nine species of Gymnosporangium in Korea is described and illustrated and keys based on aecial and telial stages are provided. Lectotype specimens for several names described in Gymnosporangium are designated.

Key words: aecial stage, LSU rDNA, Pucciniales, systematics, telial stage