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Mycologia, 95(3), 2003, pp. 442-456.
© 2003 by The Mycological Society of America

Phylogeny and taxonomy of Macrolepiota (Agaricaceae)


Else C. Vellinga 1

     Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of California at Berkeley, 111 Koshland Hall, No. 3102, Berkeley, California 94720-3102

Rogier P. J. de Kok

     Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian National Herbarium, CSIRO Plant Industry, G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia

Thomas D. Bruns

     Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California at Berkeley, 111 Koshland Hall, No. 3102, Berkeley, California 94720-3102

The position and composition of Macrolepiota within the Agaricaceae and its phylogenetic relationships with other members of the family were investigated, using both molecular (ITS and LSU rDNA sequences) and morphological characters. The molecular data separate the genus into two clades. The first clade comprises M. procera, M. mastoidea, M. clelandii and allies and is a sister group of Leucoagaricus and Leucocoprinus. The second, more diverse, clade, with M. rachodes and allies, M. globosa, Chlorophyllum molybdites, Leucoagaricus hortensis and Endoptychum agaricoides, is a sister group of Agaricus. The separation of the two clades is supported by morphological characters, such as the structure of the pileus covering, the stipitipellis and the shape of the germ pore and the spore apex. The two clades are regarded as genera for which the names Macrolepiota and Chlorophyllum are proposed. Macrolepiota nympharum does not belong to either clade but is assigned to the genus Leucoagaricus, close to L. leucothites. Endoptychum depressum is transferred to the genus Agaricus as A. inapertus.

Key words: Agaricaceae, Chlorophyllum, Endoptychum, ITS and LSU rDNA, phylogeny




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