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The presence of orellanine in spores and basidiocarp from Cortinarius orellanus and Cortinarius rubellus

     Division of Molecular Cell Biology,

Klaus Høiland

     Division of Botany and Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, P.O. 1045 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway

Karel Janak
Fredrik C. Størmer ¹

     Department of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. 4404 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway

This is the first report quantifying the orellanine content in basidiospores. The toxin content and tissue distribution of orellanine were determined from Cortinarius orellanus (Fr.) Fr. and Cortinarius rubellus Cooke. Basidiospores, the basidiocarp, divided into cap and stem, and mycorrhiza roots were analyzed to determine the amount of orellanine by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography and thin layer chromatography. The orellanine contents in spores were 0.31% (C. orellanus) and 0.09% (C. rubellus). In caps, we found the toxin content to be 0.94% (C. orellanus) and 0.78% (C. rubellus), in stems 0.48% (C. orellanus) and 0.42% (C. rubellus) and in mycorrhiza roots from C. rubellus we determined the orellanine contents to 0.03%. In addition, extracts from the different structures of the basidiocarp of C. orellanus and C. rubellus, with an orellanine content corresponding to 25 nmol, inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis.

Key words: Basidiospores, Cortinarius orellanus, Cortinarius rubellus, mushroom poisoning, nephrotoxicity, orellanine